Sunday, October 18, 2009

55 - Drugs causing Megaloblastic anemia

1. Phenytoin (anticonvulsant)

2. Primidone (anticonvulsant)

3. Phenobarbitone (anticonvulsant)

4. Sulfasalazine

5. Nitrous oxide
6. Folate antagonists (inhibitors of Dihydrofolate reductase) like Methotrexate, Pentamidine,     Pyrimethamine, Triamterene, Trimethoprim and Cotrimoxazole.
7. Drugs that inhibit DNA synthesis may cause Megaloblastic anemia
    example : 6a. Purine antagonists = 6-Mercaptopurine, Azathioprine.
                   6b. Pyramidine antagonists = 5 FU, Cytosine arabinoside .

                   6c. Others = Hydroxyurea, acyclovir and zidovudine (AZT, Azidothymidine).
8. Nitrofurantoin (less well documented)
9. Tetracycline (less well documented)
10. Anti-Tuberculosis drugs (less well documented)

Thursday, October 15, 2009

54 - Monoclonal antibodies approved for Hematological and Solid tumors

ANTIGEN AND TUMOR CELL TARGETS
ANTIGEN FUNCTION
NAKED ANTIBODIES
Antigen: CD20
Proliferation/differentiation
Rituximab (chimeric)
Tumor type: B-cell lymphoma and CLL
Antigen: CD52
Unknown
Alemtuzumab (humanized)
Tumor type: B-cell CLL and T-cell lymphoma
Antigen: CD25 alpha subunit
Activation antigen
Daclizumab (humanized)
Tumor type: T-cell mycosis fungoides
Antigen: CD33
Unknown
Gemtuzumab (humanized)
Tumor type: acute myeloid leukemia
Antigen: HER2/neu (ErbB-2)
Tyrosine kinase
Trastuzumab (humanized)
Tumor type: breast cancer
Antigen: EGFR (ErbB-1)
Tyrosine kinase
Cetuximab (chimeric)
Tumor type: colorectal; NSCLC; pancreatic, breast
Antigen: VEGF
Angiogenesis
Bevacizumab (humanized)
Tumor type: colorectal cancer

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